e-Library Collection:
http://elibrary.nnra.gov.ng/jspui/handle/123456789/27
2023-12-19T14:47:49ZAssessment of Radioactive Contamination and Effectiveness of Remedial Measures in Urban Environments
http://elibrary.nnra.gov.ng/jspui/handle/123456789/1118
Title: Assessment of Radioactive Contamination and Effectiveness of Remedial Measures in Urban Environments
Authors: IAEA
Description: This publication describes the work undertaken by Working Group 2 (WG2) on Exposures in Contaminated Urban Environments and Effect of Remedial Measures (Urban Environments WG) of the International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA’s Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessments (MODARIA) Programme.2022-01-01T00:00:00ZNuclear Safety Regulation at the time of war : Chronology of Nuclear Events at Ukrainian NPPs and other Nuclear sites
http://elibrary.nnra.gov.ng/jspui/handle/123456789/1065
Title: Nuclear Safety Regulation at the time of war : Chronology of Nuclear Events at Ukrainian NPPs and other Nuclear sites
Authors: Hassan, Abdullahi
Description: This seminar examine Ukraine's nuclear source of energy, how their Regulatory Bodies coordinated their Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) and Reactors during the ongoing war with Russia. This material contain Ukraine Nuclear asserts.2022-01-01T00:00:00ZNuclear Accident Diagnosis and Prognosis
http://elibrary.nnra.gov.ng/jspui/handle/123456789/368
Title: Nuclear Accident Diagnosis and Prognosis
Authors: isa, sambo
Abstract: NUCLEAR ACCIDENTS DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS
It is legally binding on institutions that make use of nuclear or radioactive sources within the country that in the event of an emergency or accidental exposure to radiation, doses shall be reported immediately to the Authority with a report of the investigation, causes and consequences of the exposure. Nuclear emergencies are classified into threat categories I, II, or III depending on their on-site threats. Such emergencies are prone to occur at large irradiation facilities, nuclear reactors and storage facilities for spent fuel to mention but a few. Raddiological emergencies on the other hand are categorized under threat category IV and can occur anywhere.
There are different classes of emergency such as the general emergency, site level emergency and facility emergency. The goals of an emergency preparedness and safety requirements according to the GS-R2 include regaining control of situation, Taking mitigatory action at the scene, preventing deterministic effects while reasonably preparing for the resumption of normal activities.
The aim of the seminar is to highlight the goals of accident diagnosis and prognosis in emergency situations as well as an exposition of various diagnosis and prognosis methods and tools in a build up to selecting criteria for early intervention measures. Although, the focus is on light water reactors the concepts stated within can be applied to all designs.
A major approach to nuclear safety is the establishment of barriers that are designed to perform varying degrees of functions and are generally efficient in containing damage in the event of an accident. In maintaining the various components of a nuclear reactor it is essential that the core is kept cool and the decay heat is regularly removed.
Regular maintenance is required with adherence to a safety culture and in the eventuality of an accident, simple estimate is vital to calculate the amount of exposure whilst identifying hotspots and setting in motion adequate plans to curtail any contingencies that may arise. In general, the prognosis and diagnosis of nuclear accidents require adequate planning that must take into consideration various factors and the risk involved so as to be better prepared for such.
Lastly, it is recommended that the NNRA should establish an emergency response center, procure decision support systems, develop procedures of emergency response for nuclear and radiological emergencies and institutionalize a program for capacity building using systematic approach to the key issue at hand.
Seminar presented by
Isa Sambo2011-01-01T00:00:00ZExplosives, Bombs, and Emergency Preparedness Planning
http://elibrary.nnra.gov.ng/jspui/handle/123456789/351
Title: Explosives, Bombs, and Emergency Preparedness Planning
Authors: CBRN
Abstract: Explosives, Bombs and Emergency Preparedness Planning: CBRN Awareness Course
An Explosive is a reactive substance which contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly. Explosives are classified into low explosives, high explosives and tertiary explosives. Furthermore, explosives can be graded as military explosives (mines, Grenades, projectile munitions, TNT and C-4) and commercial explosives (Dynamite, Ammonium Nitrate, Slurries and Binary explosives). Explosive devices are known to be made of the following component parts; an igniter, non-electric fuses, blasting caps and a detonation cord.
Most often than not, the emergent phenomenon of terrorism in the 21st century has come to be associated with bombings which require explosives that are inexpensive, easily acquired, difficult to discover and requiring a limited repertoire of skills to make. Most of the bombs used by terrorist are improvised explosive devices (IED) which at times are detonated using the vehicle of suicide bombers.
While security agents may not be able to determine the exact time and place of a terrorist attack however, there are some indicators that could alert security personnel, as to when an attack is imminent, most especially an attack involving explosives. Some of such indicators include; a repetitive or extended presence at a location, photographing or videotaping, security breach and questions about a locations security.
Upon sighting an explosive device, it is best to minimize danger by following some protective dangers like avoiding contact with the suspected device and calling for help from appropriate authority while at the same time evacuating the facility. In a post detonation scenario, it is prudent and security wise to stay alert, evacuate the blast zone and also be on the lookout for secondary devices.
It has been observed that the best approach to forestalling the event of a terrorist attack is to follow a principle of emergency preparedness. Emergency preparedness is the preparation and planning of necessary measures to effectively handle an emergency. It involves individuals developing an emergency plan that identifies services they require, what resources they need to have on hand in the eventuality of an emergency. Also important are the major steps which fall under the purview of emergency preparedness such as a Hazard Vulnerability Assessment, needs analysis, taking inventory of resource capabilities, emergency operations plan, crisis management, consequence management and post incident analysis.
It is recommended that the Nigerian Nuclear regulatory Authority (NNRA)be mindful of its security by intensifying the security of its staff and vicinity, acquire personal protective equipment for emergency response and be aware of CBRNE threats.
Seminar presented by,
CBRN2011-01-01T00:00:00Z